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  • Texas | Columns | "Letters from Central Texas"

    Albert Pike in Comancheria

    by Clay Coppedge

    Albert Pike was one of the most remarkable but enigmatic figures in American history and also one of the first white men to venture onto the Llano Estacado in the Texas Panhandle when that land was the heart of Comancheria.

    Born in 1809, Pike could be called larger than life if you think life is a little less than six feet tall and weighs about 300 pounds. A life sized statue of him in Washington, D.C. describes Pike as a “philosopher, jurist, orator, author, poet, scholar and soldier.” In his time he would be described as many other things, not all of them so flattering.

    Born and reared in New England, Pike headed west as a young man and became a part of the John Harris Expedition that left Taos in 1832 with an audacious plan: to travel into the Comanches’ homeland on the Llano Estacada to hunt and trap beaver on the upper reaches of the Red River.

    Comancheria
    Map showing approximately the area, known as Comancheria
    Wikimedia Commons

    The men of the expedition were mostly mountain men, hunters and ne’er do wells like Peg Leg Smith and Old Bill Williams. They followed an old Comanchero trail through country so vast, dry and desolate that even the Comanches and buffalo mostly avoided it. They occasionally passed the bleaching skulls of Comancheros who had passed this way before them but who would not be making a return trip. No white man had ever trod this country, which must have appeared to the men as vast and forbidding as outer space.

    The trip started off poorly and deteriorated from there. An expedition that included some of the best outdoorsmen and hunters on the continent was forced, after just a few days, to kill and butcher an old mare that used to be a beast of burden but was soon demoted to dinner. Pike declined to partake of the equine banquet the first time it was offered.

    Later, they killed three buffalo but found the meat hard to cook and tough to eat. Pike wrote that eating buffalo “required the influence of that most stern dictator, hunger, to induce us to eat it.” Meanwhile, Pike had developed a taste for horsemeat. Said it was even tastier than deer.

    A few days later Pike, Old Bill Williams and a Frenchman were sent ahead to scout for water and timber, two things they hadn’t seen for a long time, when they spied what at first glance appeared as a small herd of buffalo. The closer they got the more the buffalo looked like horses belonging to a group of Comanches camped by the very water hole they had been seeking. The three returned to the expedition with good news (water) and bad news (Comanches).

    Most of the men wanted no part of the Comanches but Harris and Pike convinced them to go into camp, nice and easy like, and ask for some water. They were in luck; most of the warriors were away hunting buffalo. An old chief offered not only water but he also fed them bowl after bowl of delicious meat from a fat buffalo cow.

    Pike noted in his diary that the people who probably saved their lives, or at the very least spared them, were extremely ugly.

    The old chief invited the expedition on a buffalo hunt the next day but the trip sounded like a trap. Instead, the men followed an uncertain trail that led abruptly to a break in the prairie where the Yellow House Canyon opened “like a well in the desert.”

    The expedition followed the creek to its confluence with the Double Mountain Fork of the Brazos in an area near present-day Post and kept going, looking for beaver in a mostly arid and treeless land; they didn’t find any. They found the Salt Water Fork of the Brazos, which they couldn’t drink.

    For those men who considered hunger, thirst, fatigue and a constant debilitating fear of attack to be bad things, these were the worst days of the expedition. Pretty soon, the men went their separate ways, the hunt for beaver deemed a total failure.

    Pike wrote an account of his trip on the Llanos and an as-told-to account from another adventurer, along with hundreds of poems and essays on a wide range of topics. One of his poems was a version of “Dixie,” the Southern anthem, but he is said to have been opposed to slavery. He served (not with distinction) for the Confederacy and is the only former Confederate honored with a statue in Washington, D.C.

    Texas is indebted to Albert Pike for his account of the Harris Expedition. Serving at the time as a glimpse into a mostly unknown world, today it provides a vivid picture of what life was like for those who ventured into Comancheria in the early decades of the 19th Century. Pike lived to be 82 years old, which points to perhaps the most remarkable part of the story – that he and the rest of the Expedition lived to tell about it.

    © Clay Coppedge
    November 18, 2012 Column
    More "Letters from Central Texas"
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